Business Finance Terms, Explained Simply.

Learn more about common financial terms here.
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What is a Key Performance Indicator (KPI)?

A KPI is a specific, measurable metric that reflects how well a critical aspect of a business is performing, chosen....

What are Intercompany Transactions?

Intercompany transactions are financial dealings between two or more entities under common ownership, including management fees, loans, shared services, and....

What is Financial Planning and Analysis (FP&A)?

FP&A is the finance function responsible for budgeting, forecasting, performance analysis, and the financial modelling that supports strategic decisions, the....

What is Free Cash Flow?

Free cash flow is operating cash flow after capital expenditures, the cash the business actually generates that is available for....

What is a Fractional CFO?

A fractional CFO is a senior finance executive engaged on a part-time or defined-scope basis, providing CFO-level leadership on an....

What is the difference between a Forecast and a Projection?

A forecast estimates future financial results based on what is most likely to happen; a projection models what would happen....

What is the difference between Fixed and Variable Costs?

Fixed costs remain constant regardless of how much a business produces or sells; variable costs rise and fall directly with....

What is a Financial Model?

A financial model is a structured, dynamic representation of a business’s finances, built to project performance under different assumptions and....

What is Financial Due Diligence?

Financial due diligence is the structured investigation of a business’s financial records, performance, and obligations undertaken by a buyer, investor,....

What is Cost Structure?

Cost structure is the composition of a business’s costs, fixed versus variable, direct versus indirect, and it determines how profitability....

What are Cash Reserves?

Cash reserves are the liquid funds held by a business beyond its immediate operating needs, a financial buffer against unexpected....

What is Cash Flow Management?

Cash flow management is the active discipline of controlling the timing and volume of cash moving through the business, ensuring....